双树复小波变换在川藏铁路拉林段某隧道超前地质预报中的应用

    Application of dual-tree complex wavelet transform in advanced geological prediction of the tunnel section in Lalin of Sichuan-Tibet Railway

    • 摘要: 川藏铁路地质条件和施工环境极其复杂,对探地雷达超前地质预报信号干扰较大,需要采用更为有效的信号降噪技术进行信号处理。以川藏铁路拉林段某隧道为例,在对探测信号实施双树复小波变换的基础上,采用通用阈值、无偏似然估计阈值、启发式阈值、极大极小阈值4种阈值选择方法,结合软阈值、硬阈值、半软阈值、非负消减4种阈值处理方法,对小波高频系数进行阈值量化处理后,进行双树复小波逆变换重构信号,并对比分析了归一化均方差、信噪比、能量比3个评价因子,发现采用无偏似然估计阈值选择方法并结合非负消减阈值处理方法,可以获得最佳的去噪效果,显著提高了超前地质预报识别精度。

       

      Abstract: The Sichuan-Tibet Railway features extremely complex geological conditions and construction environment, which greatly disturb the advanced geological forecast signals of ground penetrating radar (GPR). Therefore, it is necessary to adopt more effective signal noise reduction technology to conduct signal processing. With the tunnel section in Lalin of the Sichuan-Tibet railway as an example, this study applies the DTCWT to the advanced geological prediction of tunnels. Firstly, GPR signals were decomposed to some coefficients using the dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT), which were collected for the advanced geological prediction. Then high-frequency coefficients were shrunk for denoising based on four threshold processing selection rules (i.e., Sqtwolog, rigrsure, Heursure, and Minimaxi) combined with four thresholding schemes (i.e., hard, soft, firm shrinkage, nonnegative garrote shrinkage). Then signals were reconstructed using Wavelet coefficients through DTCWT inversion after the threshold shrinking. The wavelet denoising effects were assessed by calculating the normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and energy ratio (P). It is found that the best denoising effects can be obtained using the rigrsure threshold selection method combined with nonnegative garrote shrinkage and that the recognition accuracy of advanced geological forecast can be significantly improved accordingly.

       

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